Sport & movement

Adrenaline and competition nerves

Why nerves before a match can raise your glucose before you have moved a muscle, and what helps.

Written by Updated 26 June 2026 5 min read
The 60-second answer

Nerves before a match, a race or a big game can push your glucose up, even before you have moved a muscle. That is adrenaline, the stress hormone your body releases when you are wound up, and it tells your liver to dump extra glucose into your blood. Then, once you actually start playing, activity often pulls glucose back down, sometimes fast.

  • Adrenaline (the fight-or-flight hormone) can raise your glucose before an event, so a high reading beforehand may be nerves, not food.
  • Once you start moving, that same adrenaline effect can fade while exercise lowers your glucose, so you can swing from high to low in one session.
  • A pre-event high often does not need treating the same way a post-meal high does, because it can drop on its own once you are playing.
  • Watch for delayed lows: glucose can keep falling for hours after the event, including overnight.
Why it happens

Why nerves push your glucose up

Adrenaline is what your body releases when it thinks something big is about to happen. A race start, walking out for a match, an exam, a job interview: your body treats them all as a threat it needs energy for. One of the things adrenaline does is tell your liver to release stored glucose, so there is fuel ready for muscles to use.

For someone without type 1, insulin rises to match that release and the level barely moves. Your body cannot do that on its own, so the extra glucose has nowhere to go and your reading climbs. This is why you can be sitting still, having eaten and dosed normally, and still watch your glucose drift up before you have done anything.

What it means for you

The swing from high to low

The tricky part is what happens next. Adrenaline is short-lived. Once the event starts and you settle into playing, the surge fades. At the same time, most activity burns glucose, so the level that was high can turn and drop, sometimes quickly.

If you had treated the pre-event high with a correction dose, you would then be lowering an already-falling glucose, and a hypo becomes much more likely (a hypo is a low, below 4 mmol/L, where you feel shaky, sweaty or confused and need fast sugar). That combination, correcting a nervous high just before exercise, is one of the more common ways people end up low mid-game.

What varies

What changes how this plays out

Not everyone spikes with nerves, and not to the same degree. A calm, familiar training session may barely move you, while a final or a first competition sends you up. Short, explosive efforts (a sprint, a lift, a penalty shootout) can add their own adrenaline-driven rise, while longer steady activity (a distance run, a long walk) tends to pull glucose down. Insulin already in your system from a recent meal matters too, because it keeps working through all of this.

how nervous you arethe sport and its intensitya sprint start vs a slow buildhow much insulin is still workingwhether you ate beforehandhow you personally respond to stress
Real-life examples

How this can look

Examples, not instructions or doses.

The reading that climbs before the whistle

You have eaten and dosed as usual, done nothing physical, and your glucose reads 12 mmol/L half an hour before kick-off when you would normally be around 7. Nerves are a likely explanation, and it may come down once you are moving.

The mid-game drop

You start the match high on adrenaline, then twenty minutes in you feel shaky and your glucose is 4.5 and falling. The surge has worn off and the running is using glucose, so you are heading for a hypo.

The evening after a big event

The competition finished hours ago and you are fine, but your glucose keeps dipping through the evening and into the night. Muscles are still refilling their glucose stores, so a delayed low is possible long after you stopped.

What to notice

Worth paying attention to

A high reading before a nervy event may not need immediate correction the way a post-meal high would. Talk to your team about how they want you to respond to a pre-event high.
Once you start the activity, check within the first 15 to 20 minutes and whenever you feel a hypo symptom (shaky, sweaty, suddenly weak or confused), because that is when a nerves-driven high can turn into a fall.
Have fast-acting sugar on you at the sideline, in your kit bag or in a pocket, not in a bag you cannot reach mid-game.
Watch your glucose in the hours after the event and overnight, because delayed lows are common after exertion.
Extra carbohydrate is something you can manage yourself; insulin adjustments are worked out with your diabetes team.
What to ask your team

Questions that make an appointment useful

"When my glucose is high before a match or race and I think it is nerves, how do you want me to decide whether to correct it or leave it?"
"How should I handle insulin around competition days differently from ordinary training?"
"What should I be checking for, and how often, in the hours and overnight after a big event, to catch a delayed low?"
"I keep swinging from high before to low during: is there a pattern in my data we can plan around?"
Sources